Quantitative aspects of electrolysis and Faraday laws

 Faraday's laws of electrolysis describe the quantitative aspects:


Faraday's First Law:

The mass of a substance deposited or liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity (charge) passed.


m ∝ Q

m = ZQ

m = (M/nF)Q


Where:

m = mass deposited

Q = charge (coulombs)

Z = electrochemical equivalent

M = molar mass

n = number of electrons transferred

F = Faraday's constant (96485 C/mol)


Faraday's Second Law:

The masses of different substances deposited by the same quantity of electricity are proportional to their chemical equivalent weights.


m1/m2 = E1/E2


Where:

m1, m2 = masses deposited

E1, E2 = chemical equivalent weights


These laws relate the amount of substance transformed to the amount of electric charge passed, enabling precise calculations in electrolysis.

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