Electric Dipole

 Electric Dipole 

An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance. It's a fundamental concept in physics.

Key Characteristics: 

1. Dipole Moment: p = qd, where q is the charge and d is the separation distance.

2. Electric Field: The electric field due to a dipole decreases rapidly with distance.

3. Torque: A dipole experiences a torque in an external electric field.

 Applications: 

1. Molecular Interactions: Electric dipoles play a crucial role in understanding molecular interactions and properties.

2. Polar Molecules: Molecules with a permanent electric dipole moment.

3. Dielectric Materials: Electric dipoles are induced in dielectric materials in an external electric field.

Some examples related to electric dipoles:

1. Water Molecule: A polar molecule with a permanent electric dipole moment.

2. Electric Field Lines: Dipole electric field lines emerge from the positive charge and enter the negative charge.

3. Torque on a Dipole: A dipole experiences a torque in an external electric field, causing it to rotate.

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