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Electric field

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Electric Dipole

  Electric Dipole  An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance. It's a fundamental concept in physics. Key Characteristics:  1. Dipole Moment: p = qd, where q is the charge and d is the separation distance. 2. Electric Field: The electric field due to a dipole decreases rapidly with distance. 3. Torque : A dipole experiences a torque in an external electric field.  Applications:  1. Molecular Interactions: Electric dipoles play a crucial role in understanding molecular interactions and properties. 2. Polar Molecules: Molecules with a permanent electric dipole moment. 3. Dielectric Materials: Electric dipoles are induced in dielectric materials in an external electric field. Some examples related to electric dipoles: 1. Water Molecule: A polar molecule with a permanent electric dipole moment. 2. Electric Field Lines: Dipole electric field lines emerge from the positive charge and enter the negative charge. 3...
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Continuous Charge Distribution

 Continuous Charge Distribution  A continuous charge distribution refers to a system where charge is spread over a region, such as a line, surface, or volume. The electric field due to a continuous charge distribution can be calculated using integration. Types of Continuous Charge Distributions: 1. Linear Charge Distribution: Charge is distributed along a line. 2. Surface Charge Distribution: Charge is distributed over a surface. 3. Volume Charge Distribution: Charge is distributed throughout a volume. Formula: The electric field due to a continuous charge distribution is calculated using the formula: E = ∫ dE Where:  dE = Electric field due to a small element of charge  Applications:  1. Calculating electric fields: For complex charge distributions. 2. Understanding charge behavior: In various systems, such as capacitors and conductors. Some examples of continuous charge distributions: 1. Uniformly Charged Rod: Calculate the electric field at a point on the axi...
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