Difference between Ideal and non-ideal solution

Ideal Solution vs Non-Ideal Solution:


Ideal Solution:


1. Follows Raoult's Law

2. No volume change on mixing

3. No heat change (ΔH = 0)

4. Interactions between molecules are similar


Non-Ideal Solution:


1. Deviates from Raoult's Law

2. Volume change on mixing

3. Heat change (ΔH ≠ 0)

4. Interactions between molecules are different


Key differences:


1. Raoult's Law: Ideal solutions follow, while non-ideal solutions deviate.

2. Volume and heat changes: Ideal solutions show no changes, while non-ideal solutions show changes.


Examples:


- Ideal: Benzene and toluene

- Non-ideal: Ethanol and water



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