Depression in freezing Point

 Depression in Freezing Point:


When a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent, the freezing point of the solution decreases. This phenomenon is known as depression in freezing point.


Key points:


1. Freezing point depression: ΔTf = Kf × m (where Kf is the freezing point depression constant and m is the molality of the solution)

2. Dependence: Depends on the molality of the solution and the properties of the solvent.


Examples:


1. Salt on ice: Salt lowers the freezing point of ice, making it melt.

2. Antifreeze: Used in vehicles to prevent engine fluids from freezing.


Importance:


1. Colligative properties: Freezing point depression is a colligative property.

2. Practical applications: Used in various industries, such as automotive and food preservation.


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