Electric Flux

 Electric Flux

Electric flux measures the amount of electric field passing through a surface. It's calculated as:


Φ = E · A


where Φ is electric flux, E is electric field, and A is area vector.


Key Points:

1. Dot Product: Electric flux depends on the angle between electric field and area vector.

2. Unit: Measured in Nm²/C (Newton-meters squared per Coulomb).

3. Gauss's Law: Electric flux is used to relate electric field to enclosed charge.

Electric Flux Example

Imagine a flat surface with an area of 2 m² placed in a uniform electric field of 3 N/C, perpendicular to the surface.

To calculate electric flux (Φ):

Φ = E × A
= 3 N/C × 2 m²
= 6 Nm²/C

If the surface is tilted, the flux would decrease due to the angle between the electric field and area vector.

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